Potential Benefits & Risks of Mammograms



Question 15: Do mammograms miss fewer breast cancers in women with a family history of breast cancer (mother, sister or daughter)?
Answer 15: Understanding Family History   Mammograms appear to miss a similar proportion of breast cancers in women with a family history of breast cancer and other women. Although mammograms can find most invasive breast cancers, they miss some and the proportion missed is higher in younger women than older women regardless of family history.

If 100 women under age 50 without a family history and with invasive breast cancer have a mammogram for the first time, the cancer will show up on the mammogram in about 70 of these women. The other 30 women with breast cancer will have normal mammograms. Findings are similar for women with a family history of breast cancer.

If 100 women over age 50 without a family history and with invasive breast cancer have a mammogram for the first time, the cancer will show up on the mammogram in about 85 of these women. The other 15 women with breast cancer will have normal mammograms. Again, findings are similar for women with a family history of breast cancer.

Thus, the proportion of cancers missed by mammograms is mostly influenced by the age of the woman. Mammograms miss about the same proportion of cancers among women of similar age regardless of family history.




References:
Kerlikowske K, Grady D, Barclay J, Sickles EA, Ernster V. Effect of age, breast density, and family history on the sensitivity of first screening mammography. JAMA 1996;276:33-38.
Kerlikowske K, Carney P, Geller B, Mandelson MT, Taplin S, Malvin K, Ernster V, Urban N, Cutter G, Rosenberg R, Ballard-Barbash R. Performance of screening mammography among women with and without a first-degree relative with breast cancer. Ann Intern Med 2000;133:855-863



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